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Are More PPM Really Better?
PPM of colloidal silver needs to be understood in its entirety. PPM means parts per million. By definition 1 PPM is 1 milligram of silver deposited in 1 liter of water (1,000 ml). If one were to ingest that 1 mg. piece of silver, it would not do much good. If you were to divide that 1 mg. into 1,000,000 particles of silver, it would then have much more efficacy because it takes one particle of silver to disable 1 pathogen. The silver is now 1,000,000 times better than 1 piece of silver even though by definition it is still only 1 PPM. If one were to further divide the 1 mg piece of silver into 100,000,000 particles, it would be very beneficial indeed. And so as the silver is more finely divided the PPM by definition remains the same.
So, what really counts is not how many PPM the silver is but how many particles the silver has been divided into. That is why it isn't necessary to have high PPM but it is important to divide the silver as finely as possible. It is not better to try to take high PPM colloidal silver but to take colloidal silver that is properly made. If you think more silver is necessary, just take more of better made, low PPM colloidal silver and you will be further ahead than if you took poorly made, high PPM colloidal silver.
If the colloidal silver is properly made it will be crystal clear. This is because the particles are too small to reflect any light. If it shows any color, the particles are too large. The first color seen is yellow. As the particle size increases other colors such as red, green, blue, brown or black may be seen. Any color seen will indicate CS that is not very good.
Constant Voltage vs. Constant Current Generators
Constant voltage generators operate as follows.
When an electrical source of voltage that is fixed in value such as 27 or 36 volts (the voltage supplied by 3 or 4 - 9 volt batteries in series connection) is used to generate colloidal silver, the voltage is connected to the silver electrodes which are in the water. A small amount of current then begins to flow. At this point the current is generally about one quarter of one milliampere (a milliampere is a measure of current flow). This allows some of the silver ions to be released from one electrode while hydrogen gas is formed and released from the other electrode. As the silver is released into the water, the conductivity of the water increases; allowing more current to flow. This in turn allows more silver ions to be sintered off the electrode.
But what happens very quickly is this:
The increased current flow allows the metal to be deposited into the water at a faster and faster rate as the conductivity of the water is increased by more silver being released. This is a vicious cycle because in a very few minutes the current passes the point where small colloidal particles are generated. Particle size is determined by many factors; one of them being current flow or more properly current density. Once the flow exceeds this critical point, you must stop the process or risk producing large particles. These particles are NOT colloidal. They will sink to the bottom of the liquid and will generally not stay in suspension. Constant voltage generators cannot be left on for long without producing large particles.
If you ingest larger particles or silver salts in liquid such as silver nitrate you take the chance of acquiring a condition know as argyria. On the other hand, colloidal silver particles are so small they do not cause this condition. They are continually being excreted in your bodily waste. There has never been a case in which argyria has been attributed to ingestion of colloidal silver.
Constant Current Generators work as follows:
The voltage source may be the same or higher as constant voltage generators at the beginning of the operation but the similarity between constant voltage and constant current generators diverges rapidly. As the current flow begins to increase with increased water conductivity, the "constant current" regulator begins to reduce the voltage in order to keep the current at the desired amount of flow. With the voltage being reduced in order to keep the current constant, the silver particle size remains uniform. As the water becomes very conductive, the voltage may be reduced to as little as 5 or 6 volts to maintain the desired current flow. With this type circuit, one may leave the generator connected to the electrodes and not worry that "runaway" will occur. You may leave the generator on until the strength of silver in parts per million is reached and be assured the particle sizes are uniform and colloidal. This is the secret of repeatable production of colloidal silver.
Constant current equals constant size particles. Any concentrations higher than 50 ppm require the additions of stabilizers in order to prevent fallout. However, colloidal silver made over 15 PPM will usually agglomerate so it is recommended that you do not make it over that strength. An automatic generator with a stirring motor can make up to 20 PPM without agglomeration.
If the particles are as small as can be made and also colloidal, the water will be clear and will also show the Tyndall effect. If they are larger, the water color will shift toward yellow because of agglomeration. Still larger particles appear red; then green and the blue ones are the largest. The proper color for colloidal silver water is clear. If it is clear and has a weak Tyndall effect, the particle size is as small as can be made. That is the best way to know you have colloidal silver water. Make it yourself and then you will know and see what we mean! The proof is in the clear color and the Tyndall effect. Of course you can also test it using a meter to determine the total PPM.